How has the Chinese government attempted to address income inequality?

The Chinese government's approach to addressing income inequality is largely encapsulated in the promotion of a "harmonious socialist society." This concept seeks to balance economic growth with social equity, emphasizing the need for a more equitable distribution of wealth among the population. The idea is rooted in the recognition that rapid economic development, particularly since the 1970s, has contributed to significant disparities between rural and urban areas, as well as among different income groups.

By advocating for a harmonious socialist society, the government aims to foster social stability and prevent unrest. This involves implementing policies designed to improve the well-being of marginal groups, invest in rural development, and enhance social services, thus working towards narrowing the income gap. The emphasis on community and social responsibility reflects a broader ideological commitment to socialism, even in the context of a market-oriented economy.

The other options provided do not align with the central themes of the government's strategy. While enforcing wage controls or using taxation might appear to directly redistribute wealth, these methods alone do not address the deeper socio-economic issues at play, such as the need for rural economic development or effective social services. Similarly, restricting rural populations from migrating to cities could exacerbate inequalities rather than alleviate them, as it would limit opportunities for upward mobility and access to