What are some major environmental concerns facing China?

The choice highlights some of the most pressing environmental issues that China faces today. The country has experienced rapid industrialization and urbanization, resulting in severe air pollution, particularly in major cities like Beijing and Shanghai. The term "dirtiest air" refers to the high levels of particulate matter and other pollutants that have made air quality a critical public health concern.

Regulated dumping indicates that while there may be laws in place regarding waste disposal, enforcement can be lax, leading to contamination of the environment. This encompasses not just industrial waste but also domestic waste, which can contribute to broader environmental challenges.

Additionally, the issue of polluted rivers points to the extensive impact of industrial discharges and agricultural runoff, which have severely affected water quality in many regions. Rivers that provide crucial resources for both drinking water and irrigation show signs of significant pollution, threatening public health and agriculture.

These environmental issues are compounded by the government's awareness of these challenges, leading to various initiatives aimed at improving air quality and managing water resources, but significant improvements are still needed. Other options, while they address important concerns, do not specifically target the environmental challenges that have garnered extensive attention and urgency in the context of China's development trajectory.